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Genocide and Nationalism

100 Days
The events which led to the horrific Rwanda massacre in 1994 - in which an estimated 800,000 Tutsis died at the hands of the Hutus tribe - is the setting for this powerful political and human drama. The place is Kibuye, a village where the Hutu and the financially better-off Tutsi people live together in an environment simmering with tribal tensions. It is in this uneasy world where the young and beautiful Josette and her lover Baptiste - both Tutsis - plan to marry. When a local politician preaches hatred against the Tutsis and calls for "justice," the couple's plans together are shattered. The attack of the Hutus erupts one night separating the two - Baptiste flees into the jungle and eventually becomes a guerrilla fighter, while Josette and her family head to the local Catholic Church for protection. But even within the sanctity of the Church and under the "protection" of U.N. forces, no one is safe. The local priest has his lascivious eyes on Josette, who is! soon forced to submit to his desires in order to save her family and herself. A harrowing story of a human tragedy told with assured, unflinching direction and tenderly realistic acting; many of the cast actually survived the massacre. As the world turned its head, the U.N. retreated to safety, and the Church compromised its very mission, a "faceless" tragedy unfolded. Nick Hughes, an ex-BBC reporter now based in Kenya, has succeeded in giving a face and tremendous emotions to an unforgettable tale of survival, love and retribution. 2001. 96 minutes. (DVD only)

60 Minutes: Hiding from Death
The genocide in Rwanda in 1992 killed 800,000 people, almost wiping out the Tutsi minority tribe. Among the survivors is Immaculee Ilibagiza, an inspiring Tutsi woman who hid from Hutu attackers. Along with six other women, Ilibagiza was crammed into a tiny bathroom for three months, often within earshot of the killers. Ilibagize returns to Rwanda with correspondent Bob Simon, shows him her hiding place, and recalls this time of terror. 13 minutes. DVD only.

60 Minutes: Searching for Jacob
Air Date: 10/22/06 When the Sudanese town of Hangala was bombed and burned by government forces, there were only a few signs of life left behind, among them the school books of a boy named Jacob. In a compelling story of the genocide in Darfur, Scott Pelley goes searching for Jacob -- a journey that takes him into dangerous territory in the Sudan, and then into a densely packed refugee camp in Chad, where Pelley learns Jacob's fate. DVD only.

A Journey to Darfur
In April 2006 veteran jouranlist Nick Clooney was asked by his son, George, to accompany him to the troubled region of Darfur. The goal was to shine a light on the modern day genocide occurring in this remote region of Africa. They went unannounced; without press, without escort and without security, just Nick, George and cameraman, Mike Herron, a personal friend. This documentary is an account of their journey, the stories of unimaginable violence that have befallen the Darfurians and the courage of the aid workers who struggle to provide relief to 200,000 refugees. The documentary also provides background on the crisis ad the efforts of individuals and groups to stand up and say, "Not on our watch!" 2007. DVD only.

The Armenian Case
Survivors of Turkish atrocities and European and American eyewitness accounts recall these chilling historical events. The film includes notable sequences on World War I and President Wilson.The first portion of this film deals with the Armenian genocide. It then examines the Battle of Sardarabad, the establishment of the Armenian Republic, the Sovietization of Armenia, and the rebuilding of Armenian life in Diaspora. (HS+). (45 min)

As We Forgive
Could you forgive a person who murdered your family? This is the question faced by the subjects of As We Forgive, a documentary about Rosaria and Chantal-two Rwandan women coming face-to-face with the men who slaughtered their families during the 1994 genocide. The subjects of As We Forgive speak for a nation still wracked by the grief of a genocide that killed one in eight Rwandans in 1994. Overwhelmed by an enormous backlog of court cases, the government has returned over 50,000 genocide perpetrators back to the very communities they helped to destroy. Without the hope of full justice, Rwanda has turned to a new solution: Reconciliation. But can it be done? Can survivors truly forgive the killers who destroyed their families? Can the government expect this from its people? And can the church, which failed at moral leadership during the genocide, fit into the process of reconciliation today? In As We Forgive, director Laura Waters Hinson and narrator Mia Farrow explore these topics through the lives of four neighbors once caught in opposite tides of a genocidal bloodbath, and their extraordinary journey from death to life through forgiveness. Running time: 53 minutes

Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State
Auschwitz occupies a chilling and disturbing place in the history of humankind. It began as a Nazi labor campt to terrorize the local Polish population and evolved intothe site of the largest mass murder ever recorded. This six-part series, narrated by actress Linda Hunt presents an in-depth examination of the camp's evolution and the decisions that enabled such an incomprehensibly inhuman place to come into being. Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State is the result of three years of research, drawing on the close involvement of world experts, recently discovered documents and nearly 100 interviews with camp survivors and perpetrators, many of whom are speaking on the record for the first time. Their stories are brought to life through the innovative use of archive footage, dramatic recreations of key decision-making moments, and their extraordinary testimony. While never losing sight of the suffering of the victims, this documentary offers a unique and alarming look at the mindset of the perpetratos - killers like the Commandant of Auschwitz Rudolf Hoess, camp doctor Josef Mengele, and SS Commander Heinrich Himmler. Written and produced by laurence Rees, the Creative Director of BBC History Programs. The historical and script consultant for the series is the award-winning Hitler biographer, Professor Ian Kershaw. DVD only. See http://www.keene.edu/cchs/t_resources/Inside%20the%20Nazi%20State.pdf for clips for classroom useage.

Bringing Down A Dictator
In the year 2000, in a war barely noticed outside Yugoslavia, the indicted war criminal Slobodan Milosevic fought to hold power. He controlled a battle-hardened army, a tough police force, and most of the news media. But he underestimated his opponents, led by a student movement called Otpor! (Serbian for "resistance"), who attacked the regime with ridicule, rock music, and a willingness to be arrested. Their courage and audacity inspired others to overcome their fear and join the fight. Otpor! students were the shock troops in what became an army of human rights and pro-democracy activists who systematically undermined police and army loyalty to Milosevic and forced him to call early elections. When Milosevic refused to accept his defeat at the polls, the people responded with a general strike. As normal life ground to a halt, Serbs by the hundreds of thousands descended on the capital on October 5 to seize the parliament in a dramatic triumph for democracy. This PBS-produced film narrated by Martin Sheen reveals how ordinary people can overthrow a genocidal dictator and deliver him to justice. This is highly recommended by the Coordinator of Educational Outreach as a vehicle to address issues of resistance and individual responsibility. (56 minutes) For the classroom, go to http://www.pbs.org/weta/dictator/classroom/

Confronting the Truth: Truth Commissions and Societies in Transition
Confronting the Truth shows how countries, which have experienced massive human rights violations, have created official, independent bodies known as truth commissions. Since 1983, truth commissions have been established in over 20 countries, in all parts of the world. Confronting the Truth documents the work of truth commissions in South Africa, Peru, East Timor, and Morocco. Taking testimony from victims and perpetrators, and conducting detailed investigations, truth commissions create a historical record of abuses that have often remained secret. They identify patterns of abuse, and the structural and institutional weaknesses, and societal and cultural problems, and weak legal systems that made the violation possible. To remedy these faults, they recommend governmental, societal and legal reforms to address the pain of the past, to safeguard human rights and due process, and to ensure that the horror will not be repeated. 73 minutes. DVD only.

Conspiracy
On January 20, 1942, 15 officials attended a conference at Wannsee on the outskirts of Berlin. Comprised of mid-ranking SS commanders and a variety of government ministers, the meeting was organized by SS Major Adolf Eichmann, under the direction of the ruthless and efficient Chief of Security Reinhard Heydrich. It was to be a polite conference with food, wine, and some debate, but beneath this thin veneer of manners lay an evil intent. By the meeting's close, the SS had gained control of the genocide that was to become the Holocaust. This 2001 HBO production stars Kenneth Branagh and Stanley Tucci and is excellent in developing the personalities of those involved and the bureaucratic and legal contingencies the SS manipulated. This film is highly recommended by the Coordinator of Educational Outreach. DVD and VHS. (HS+). Color. (96 minutes)

Darfur Diaries: Message From Home
Darfur Diaries: Message From Home is a brutally honest inside look into the current tragedy befalling the Darfur Region. A team of three independent filmmakers in Darfur monitored the worsening political and humanitarian crisis in 2004 and recognized that the mainstream media offered marginal and inadequate coverage. They set out with the goal of providing a platform for the people of the Darfur to speak for themselves about their experiences, their fears, and their hopes for the future. This film seeks to provide space for the marginalized victims of atrocities to speak and to engage with the world. Amnesty International will use the film to educate its members and the public about the situation in Darfur. 2004. 55 minutes. (DVD only)

Defying Genocide
Produced by the USHMM committee on conscience: Whenever genocide has occurred, individuals have risked their own lives to save others. How can their courage inspire us to defy genocide? The story of how Simone Weil Lipman was able to save thousands of Jewish children during the Holocaust is a starting point for an exploration of what it takes to defy genocide. The film focuses on Damas Gisimba, director of a small orphanage in Rwanda that was beseiged by militias during the 1994 genocide. Learn how Gisimba, with the help of American aid worker Carl Wilkens, managed to protect, care for, and save some 400 people. Additional resources available online at www.ushmm.org/conscience/defying-genocide.

Drancy: A Concentration Camp in Paris 1941-1944
During WWII, France deported 74,000 Jews to Nazi death camps. Fewer than 3,000 survived. This award-winning documentary describes, in detail, the structure of the Holocaust in France. It identifies individuals and organizations responsible, and provides exact information as to when, where and how mass arrests were organized. It explains how, in full view of the French public, Jews were taken from Drancy, a half-built housing estate in Paris, and put on French trains bound for Auschwitz. The film's interviewees are survivors and eye-witnesses who give first-hand accounts of what happened. This one-hour film is now available on DVD and is essential for anyone wanting to understand how the Holocaust was implemented. 52 minutes. DVD only.

Dreaming A Nation – The Kurds
This program shows little children singing that the Kurds will live forever as jets roar overhead, introduces us to warlords and guerilla camps, and demonstrates how people who are threatened by genocide feel that a state of their own is their only protection. That is the bottom line of nationalism. (50 minutes)

Earth Mde of Glass
On August 6th, 2008, against the backdrop of the world's deadliest war in neighboring Eastern Congo, Rwandan President Paul Kagame released a report detailing the French government's hidden role in planning the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Three months later, his closest aide, Rose Kabuye, is arrested by France on charges of terrorism. Meanwhile, Jean-Pierre Sagahutu, a genocide survivor haunted by his father's unsolved murder, scours the Rwandan countryside on a fifteen-year-search for clues - ultimately finding himself confronted with his darkest desire: being face to face with his father's killer. As President Kagame fights to free Rose from France and expose the truth about what really happened in Rwanda fifteen years ago, Jean-Pierre journeys to the scene of the crime, and the doorstep of a killer, to uncover the chilling facts behind his father's death. As each relentlessly pursues the truth - with the fate of a family and a country hanging in the balance - they find themselves faced with a choice: to enact vengeance or turn the other cheek... Despite having never met, the story of a President and an ordinary citizen become inextricably linked in this groundbreaking film. Bound by a deep love of country, an insatiable need for the truth, and a hunger for peace, their struggles will set in motion the rebuilding of a family, a nation, and ultimately the entire African continent. Above all, they will shake the very foundations of what it means to forgive - providing a model for ending hatred and violence throughout the world. DIRECTOR'S STATEMENT When you start a film, the journey that awaits you can never be fully imagined. After five years of working on two acclaimed films about the war in Iraq (The War Tapes, Bad Voodoo's War), my mind was beset by some unanswered questions. What remains after war ends? How can anyone forgive the murderers of a loved one? How do you break the cycle of violence? Is forgiveness enough to release a country from its past? What constitutes such forgiveness? Contemplating telling the story of what happens after genocide ends, I had some trepidation. The horror narratives coming out of Rwanda had been so bleak, the violence so appalling, the hatred so chilling. On May 1, 2008 I found myself seated next to the President of Rwanda, Paul Kagame at a small dinner in his honor. As we spoke for several hours, he revealed himself to be warm, patient and determined to bring his country out from its nightmare. He told me that Rwanda is choosing a different path, between the justice of accountability and reconciliation. It brought to mind all the other areas of conflict around the world mired in endless cycles of violence and retribution without end. And my trepidation turned into resolve. Once President Kagame agreed to grant us unprecedented access and become one of the main characters of the film, there was no turning back. I had to make this film. As it turned out, I had no expectation how prescient the timing would be... Our production team (Cinematographer P.H. O'Brien, Producer Reid Carolin and I) arrived in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda, and over the next year returned there two more times. On August 6th, 2008, against the backdrop of the world's deadliest war in neighboring Eastern Congo, President Kagame released a report detailing the French government's hidden complicity in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Three months later France arrested his closest aide, Rose Kabuye, on charges of terrorism. As filmmakers we suddenly found ourselves immersed in one of the greatest political thrillers of the time. As President Kagame fought to free Rose from France and expose the truth about what really happened in Rwanda fifteen years ago, we also wanted to contrast what life was like for ordinary Rwandans who searched for a better future. Jean Pierre Sagahutu, a genocide survivor haunted by his father's unsolved murder, has roamed the countryside on a fifteen-year-search for clues. We accompanied him on the journey as he tracked down and confronted one of his father's killers. As President Kagame and Jean Pierre each pursue the truth - with the fate of a family and a country hanging in the balance - they find themselves confronted with the same choice: to enact vengeance or turn the other cheek... Though they never met, the President and an ordinary man become inextricably linked in our film. We learn that above all else, the need for truth becomes paramount. Without truth, there can be no forgiveness. As Jean Pierre defines forgiveness, 'the hatred and violence stops with me, I will not pass it down to my children'. For him, forgiveness doesn't mean forgiving the killers. It means stopping the cycle of hate. There is a conscious, disciplined approach to stop the hate in their own generation, now, not over time. Now. This is an internal choice that need not involve anyone else. The process demands great sacrifice if only for our children's sake. This is a lesson Rwanda can teach the world. Former President Bill Clinton has discussed how Israel and Palestine could draw lessons from Rwanda. The survivors, he said, sought reconciliation, not vengeance. They do this work of reconciliation "with people who killed them and their loved ones because they couldn't get away from each other; it's a little place, and they decided to begin again." This small country in Africa could lead the way to peace by providing a model for ending hatred and violence throughout the world. Because the world itself has become a small place, we all have the choice to begin anew. Not later, not over time. Now. - Deborah Scranton 88 minutes. DVD.

Floating on Lotus Flowers: A Personal Odyssey of Brandon Eang
Brandon Eang came to the United States in 1981, a survivor of the Cambodian genocide at the age of 11. In this hour-long documentary 30-year-old Mr. Eang tells his story of survival. 60 minutes. DVD only.

Forty Days of Musa Dagh
Franz Werfel's acclaimed award-winning novel at last on film. Before the Nazi atrocities of WW II there was Turkey's war against the Armenians. This is the courageous account of the Armenians' fight for freedom - a fight in which 1.6 million were massacred during the 1914 Turkish onslaught. This lavish production features big-name Hollywood stars in a stirring and action-filled film of the brave Armenians' defense against incredible odds in their last hoildout - Mount Musa Dagh. Help arrived after 40 days, but the toll was great. 145 mins. DVD only.

Gacaca: Living Together Again in Rwanda?
In 1994, decades of politically motivated ethnic scapegoating culminated in a wholesale slaughter of the Rwanda's Tutsi minority, along with many Hutu moderates. Vast numbers of ordinary citizens became killers - some willingly and some by force. More than 800,000 lives were taken, and the country was left in a state of devastation. Under a new government, Rwanda is rebuilding its physical and administrative infrastructure, but its most difficult task is to foster reconciliation between the Hutu and Tutsi. Venturing into the rural heart of the nation, GACACA, LIVING TOGETHER AGAIN IN RWANDA? follows the first steps in a bold experiment in reconciliation: the Gacaca (Ga-CHA-cha) Tribunals. The Gacaca Tribunals represent a remarkable democratization of justice for a people accustomed to dictatorial authority. The Tribunals offer a voice, and perhaps a therapeutic catharsis, to survivors. However, the system is fraught with potential pitfalls: minimally trained judges will be assigned complex cases, false accusations or confessions are possible, revenge or fear of revenge will affect testimonies, inconsistent application of the law, etc. The film crew was then present when the nearly 1,000 Rwandans were gathered for the first of a series of open-air "Pre-Gacaca" hearings, whose two-fold purpose is to clear the prisons of innocent detainees by public approbation, and to educate Rwandans about the Gacaca trials to come. Amidst a people renowned for their reserve, Anne Aghion spent six weeks recording the intertwining stories of survivors and prisoners, and their visions of the future. GACACA opens a chapter to a new era, and is an astonishing, intimate look at the strength of the human spirit. "The film captures quite precisely much of what is most compelling and unsettling about Rwanda's quest for justice after genocide and, more: it captures the feel of Rwanda, the landscape, the texture of the place, the rhythm of speech and movement, the weird brilliance of colors amid the gloom of the spirit." - Philip Gourevitch, Author of We wish to inform you that tomorrow we will be killed with our families, Stories from Rwanda "Excellent... It lets Rwandans speak about the challenges of rebuilding a life, a sense of community, and a system of justice after atrocious violence...An excellent pedagogical tool for classes on Rwanda, on transitional justice, or on reconciliation and reintegration." - Peter Uvin, Director of the Institute for Human Security, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University / Author of "Aiding Violence, the Development Enterprise in Rwanda" "Recommended. This is a fine film which will fuel many lively discussions not only on the issue of justice in Rwanda, but justice in the face of heinous crimes against humanity." - Educational Media Reviews Online "For someone studying the Rwandan genocide and reconciliation efforts, GACACA provides a view seldom seen." - Online Journal for Peace and Conflict Resolution 55 minutes. DVD.

Genocide
Winner of the 1982 Academy Award for Best Feature Length Documentary, GENOCIDE through the words of witnesses and scholars, tells the story of the Holocaust in a way that the world cannot refute, forget or ignore. Orson Wells narrates the history of antisemitism from Biblical times through the Third Reich. Elizabeth Taylor reads from authentic diaries of the victims. (83 min)

Genocide Again: Darfur
The documentary focuses on an activist, humanitarian aid worker, student leader, and survivor. Interviews highlight the work of Mark Hanis, executive director and founder of the Genocide Intervention Network, a non-governmental organization supporting civilian protection programs in Darfur and directing the Sudan Divestment Task Force; a humanitarian aid officer working in Africa, which operates refugee camps in Darfur; Anna Donnelly, past president of STAND, a university-based student anti-genocide coalition; and Augustino Ting Mayai, a lost boy of Sudan and director of a non-profit providing health and sanitation in Sudan. Footage from Darfur refugee camps was provided by Gabriel Stauring and Katie-Jay Scott of Stop Genocide Now, a California-based organization that sponsors the interactive exhibit Camp Darfur.

Genocide; The World At War, Vol. 20
A documentary that tells the story of Hitler's "Final Solution" and exposes the methodical destructiveness of the Nazi era. Set within the historic frame, from 1920 to 1945, this film exposes the methodical insanity of the Nazi era. Extraordinary footage and interviews with death camp survivors, as well as with Germans who were directly involved in implementing the "Final Solution." Narrated by Sir Laurence Olivier. (JHS/MS/HS+). Color & B/W. (52 min)

Ghosts of Rwanda
Rwanda was supposed to be easy. Ten years ago, when the United Nations sent peacekeepers to this small, Central African nation, most of the policymakers involved believed it would be a straightforward mission that would help restore the UN's battered reputation after failures in Bosnia and Somalia. Few could imagine that, a decade later, Rwanda would be the crisis that still haunts their sould. This documentary marks the 10th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide - a state-sponsored massacre in which some 800,000 Rwandans were methodically hunted down and murdered by Hutu extremistis as the United States and international community stood by, refusing to intervene. Through interviews with key government officials, diplomats, soldiers, and survivors of the slaughter, GHOSTS OF RWANDA offers groundbreaking, firsthand accounts of the genocide from those who lived it: the diplomats on the scene who thought they were building peace only to see their colleagues murdered; the Tutsi surviors, who recount the horror of seeing their friends and family members slaughtered by Hutu friends and co-workers; and the UN peacekeepers in Rwanda who were ordered not to intervene in the massacre happening all around them. The documentary features interviews with UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, former Secretary of State Madeline Albright, former UN Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Canadian General Romeo Dallaire, and former National Security Advisor Anthony Lake as well as haunting interviews with the Hutu killers themselves. GHOSTS OF RWANDA also examines the aftermath of the genocide, the lessons learned - and not learned - by the international community, and questions whether the phrase "never again" has more meaning today than it did ten years ago. A FRONTLINE production. 120 minutes, color, DVD only.

God Grew Tired of Us
An award-winning, critically acclaimed film, narrated by Nicole Kidman, God Grew Tired of Us explores the indomitable spirit of three "Lost Boys" from the Sudan who are forced to leave their homeland due to a tumultuous civil war. The film chronicles their triumph over seemingly insurmountable adversities and a relocation to America, where the Lost Boys build active and fulfilling new lives but remain deeply committed to helping friends and family they have left behind. Orphaned by a tumultuous civil war and traveling barefoot across the sub-Saharan desert, John Bul Dau, Daniel Abol Pach and Panther Blor were among the 25,000 "Lost Boys" (ages 3 to 13) who fled villages, formed surrogate families and sought refuge from famine, disease, wild animals and attacks from rebel soldiers. Named by a journalist after Peter Pan's posse of orphans who protected and provided for each other, the "Lost Boys" traveled together for five years and against all odds crossed into the UN's refugee camp in Kakuma, Kenya. A journey's end for some, it was only the beginning for John, Daniel and Panther, who along with 3800 other young survivors, were selected to re-settle in the United States. God Grew Tired of Us is as much about America as it is about Africa. The moving documentary begins in war-torn Sudan with the mid-1980s exodus of 27,000 Christian boys, most between five and ten. After their arrival in Kenya, the UN steps in with aid. Directors Christopher Quinn and Tommy Walker pick up the story a decade later, narrowing their focus to Panther, John, and Daniel, three of 3,800 given the opportunity to resettle in the US. Quinn and Walker are with them when they land in the States, where everything is new and exciting--electricity, running water, pre-packaged foodstuffs--all the things Americans take for granted. Through the assistance of various relief organizations, their expenses are covered for the next few months. After that, the trio is expected to provide for themselves (they're older than the subjects in 2003's The Lost Boys of Sudan). Divided between Pittsburgh, PA and Syracuse, NY, the young men are thrilled with their suburban lives. Over the next year, however, joy turns to sorrow. They miss their families and have trouble making connections beyond their social group. The directors document another two years, by which point things are finally starting to look up. Produced by Brad Pitt, God Grew Tired of Us won the Documentary Grand Jury Prize and Audience Award at Sundance. Nicole Kidman provides a little narration, but for the most part, the Lost Boys speak for themselves, which is exactly as it should be. --Kathleen C. Fennessy DVD. 90 minutes.

Hitler's Holocaust (Vols. 1-6)
Six Volume set from invasion to the final toll. 1. Invasion 2. Decision 3. Ghetto 4. Mass Murder 5. Resistance 6. Final Toll 3 disc DVD set.

Hitler's Secret Archive - (60 Minutes)
The largest archive of Nazi documents is in Bad Arolson, Germany, where 50 million files detail the horror endured by 17.5 million victims of the Third Reich. Among the victims whose stories are held here: Anne Frank and the Jews on Schindler's list. Scott Pelley travels to the immense archive with three Jewish Holocaust surviors who see for the first time the detailed paperwork the nazis kept on their torturous imprisonment. This aired on 60 Minutes on 12/17/06. DVD.

In Rwanda We Say...The Family that does not Speak, Dies
Emmy Award-winner (2005) Since 1999, award-winning filmmaker Anne Aghion has traveled to rural Rwanda, to chart the impact of that country's efforts at ethnic reconciliation. In Rwanda we say... The family that does not speak dies, her second film on the subject, continues Aghion's quest to learn how the human spirit survives a trauma as unfathomable as the attempt, in 1994, to wipe out the Tutsi minority, with 800,000 lives claimed in 100 days. In Rwanda we say... is the next chapter in a fascinating and intimate look at how, and whether, people can overcome fear, hatred and deep emotional scars, to forge a common future after genocide. Aghion's influential 2002 film, Gacaca, Living Together Again in Rwanda? captured the feelings of both survivors and alleged killers in the remote community of Ntongwe, just as the government was announcing the Gacaca (ga-CHA-cha), a new system of citizen-based justice intended to handle over 100,000 genocide suspects languishing in detention. In Rwanda we say...returns two years later as close to 16,000 of these suspects, still untried, are released across the country: having confessed to their crimes, and served the maximum sentence the Gacaca will eventually impose, suspects of appalling crimes are sent home to plow fields and fetch water alongside the people they are accused of victimizing. In Rwanda we say... focuses on the release of one suspect, and the effect of his return on this tiny hillside hamlet. While the government's message of a "united Rwandan family" infiltrates the language of the community, reactions to this imposed co-existence reel from numb acceptance to repressed rage. Violence seems to lurk just below the surface. What unfolds, however, is an astonishing testament to the liberating power of speech: little by little, people begin to talk in a profound and articulate way - first to the camera, and then to each other -- as these neighbors negotiate the emotional task of accepting life side by side. 54 minutes. DVD.

In the Tall Grass: Inside the citizen-based justice system Gacaca
In the Tall Grass picks up where Hotel Rwanda left off, focusing on the Hutu and Tutsi as they struggle through Rwanda's unique reconciliation process Gacaca, a network of grassroots community courts. With unprecedented access, this powerful documentary follows a survivor through this historic process as she confronts the man she says murdered her husband and children, giving audiences a stark and terrifying look at how the genocide of 1994 continues to shape the lives of Rwandans today. She receives some justice, and her village finally faces their pain, but she is only one story in hundreds of thousands. In the Tall Grass delivers a raw and uncompromising look at the tremendous challenges faced by post-genocide countries like Rwanda, as they transition from violence to peace.

Inside Pol Pot's Secret Prison
Inside Pol Pot's Secret Prison is a harrowing look at one of the most purely evil institutions of the 20th century. Riveting interviews with former guards, executioners and two survivors paint a picture of the unspeakable horrors that were commonplace at S-21. The incredibly detailed prison archives open a window into the Khmer Rouge's program of genocide, raising the question of why no one has been prosecuted so far for the crimes against humanity committed in Cambodia. Inside Pol Pot's Secret Prison also includes an interview with journalist Nate Thayer, who interviewed the ailing former dictator just months before his death. DVD only.

Keepers of Memory: Survivors' Accounts of the Rwandan Genocide
Through eyewitness accounts and gripping footage, acclaimed director Eric Kabera takes the viewer on an emotional journey into the 1994 Rwandan genocide, its survivors, and the memorials created in the victims' honor. The film focuses on the personal accounts of men and women who watch over the sacred burial sites keeping the memories alive for future generations. They tell a tale of unimaginable pain and loss that is both inspirational and thought provoking as they bravely face the future and rebuild their lives. DVD. 52 minutes

Lifting The Yoke
This program examines the emotional effects of the establishment – or re-establishment – of an independent Ukraine: the looming ghost of Stalin, the fear of clashes between the church and independence-minded nationalists, opinions on both sides on the imposition of the Ukranian language. (50 minutes)

Lost Boys of Sudan
Winner of an Independent Spirit Award and named Best Documentary at the San Francisco International Film Festival, this film follows two teenage Sudanese refugees on an extraordinary journey from Africa to America, offering a gripping and sobering peekinto the myth of the American Dream. In the late 1980s, Islamic fundamentalists in Sudan waged a war on the country's separatists, leaving behind ober 20,000 male orphans, otherwise known as "lost boys." For those who survived this traumatic ordeal and found their way to refugee camps, some were chosen to participate in a resettlement program in America - a distant place so presumably full of hope and opportunity that the Sudanese sometimes call it Heaven. But what if a free ticket to "Heaven" turned out to be anything but? The film focuses on Santino and Peter, members of the Dinka tribe, during their first life-altering year in the United States. Safe at last from physical danger - but a world away from home - the boys must grapple with extreme cultural differences as they come to understand both the abundance and alienation of contemporary American life. 87 mins. DVD only.

Lost Peace: Ideals for a United World Fail
From WGBH's People's Century series. "The morning of November 11, 1918, Harry met me about 100 yards from the battery position...He had a piece of white paper, just about as big as your hand. It says "Cease firing on all fronts - 11.11.18 General John Pershing.' I thought that was the prettiest piece of paper I ever saw." - Macinlay Wooden, American soldier The First World War bathed the new century in blood: Nine million lost their lives in a merciless war of attrition. A whole generation was traumatized by the horror of the trenches - and vowed that war would be a thing of the past. LOST PEACE revisits the popular hopes and experiences in the years following World War I - and the looming threat of a new nationalism: despite Woodrow Wilson's promise of a "people's peace," old prejudices refused to die and nationalist passions again began to rise. Defeated nations were left out in the cold, resentful and unreconciled. Fascism and militarism spread while pacifist movements fought an increasingly unsuccessful rearguard action to preserve the dream of peace. By the late 1930s, people had to choose between avoiding war at all costs, or taking up arms to resist aggression. Fifty-five million lives were about to be lost in second world war. 60 minutes.

Music Box
Courtroom drama which follows an attorney who agrees to defend her Hungarian immigrant father against charges of war crimes committed 50 years earlier. As she searches for evidence to establish innocence, she also examines her doubts about his past. VHS and DVD. (126 min)

Nazi War Crimes: Babi Yar and the Russian Front
This landmark Soviet war film uses captured footage shot by Nazi soldiers to document the sensational murder of over 200,000 Ukranian civilians during world War II. The people at Babi Yar were mostly innocents, trade unionists, Communists, Jews, children, elderly, and women - a people who shared a common soil and a common hatred of fascism. They were gassed, hanged, machine-gunned and killed with buzz saws by the Nazis, who filmed it all and then simply pushed all the bodies in the large Ukranian ravine, Babi Yar. Note: This film was produced by soviet filmmakers under control and supervision of the Soviet government. It is being made available in the United States through an arrangement with The society for cultural Relations, U.S./U.S.S.R. - a non profit group established by the Soviet and American people after World War II. This film may be considered a work of Soviet propaganda.

Nightline: The Sudan
ABC News correspondent David Wright and his team traveled the length of Darfur, which is the size of Texas in a country that is the largest in Africa. At least 200 people a day are dying in the refugee camps of Darfur, and yet the refugees keep on coming. And while the relief organizations are doing all they can to help them - many parts of Darfur simply cannot be served because the conflict is raging and those areas cannot be safely reached. Nightline examines the crisis that has been identified, by many as nothing short of genocide and explains the political, strategic and logistical obstacles that stand in the way of solving this man-made disaster. 22 minutes. DVD only.

Pol Pot Secret Killer
First drawn to communism while studying in France during the 1950's, Saloth Sar - better known as Pol Pot - is known as one of the most ruthless and despised leaders in modern history. This haunting BIOGRAPHY traces the infamous ruler's life and rise to power through interviews with former Khmer Rouge associates, and commentary from leading scholars, historians, and biographers. Find out how the future murderer was once known as a charming, caring, and intelligent young man, and explore the reasons for his drastic transformation. 50 minutes. DVD only.

Return to the Killing Fields
On April 12, 1975, soon after Lon Nol, Cambodia's President, had fled the country, the United States withdrew its forces from the capital. Sydney Schanberg, then a New York Times correspondent, and Dith Pran, his Cambodian assistant, stayed on to cover the story of the battle-scarred country under the control of the Khmer Rouge and their leader, Pol Pot. Eight days after the evacuation, Dith Pran was forced, with hundreds of thousands of other Cambodians, to march from Phnom Penh to the countryside. There, he was to endure almost four years of unremitting horrors. DVD only.

The Road To Nowhere – Yugoslavia
This program examines the Yugoslavian people, whose power derives from the barrel of a gun, and the rhetoric with which they justify themselves and motivate one another: the rhetoric of nationalism. (50 minutes)

Rwanda: Do Scars Ever Fade?
In 1994, the small African country of Rwanda was awash in blood. Extremists in the majority Hutu-controlled government organized a systematic genocide of Rwanda's minority Tutsi population. In just 100 days, more than 800,000 were killed. The atrocity was halted a decade ago, but for Rwandans the ordeal does not yet have an ending. Today, the physical scars sustained by survivors are fading, but emotional scars remain. Rwanda-Do Scars Ever Fade? explores the country's turbulent pre-genocide history, the horrifying 1994 slaughter and the difficult ten-year, post-genocide period during which the current government has embarked upon an ambitious effort aimed at reconciliation. The program grapples with a perplexing question: How does a country haunted by the scourge of its past recover? 70 minutes. DVD only.

S21: The Khmer Rouge Killing Machine
In 1975-79, almost two million Cambodians lost their lives to murder and famine when the Khmer Rouge forced the urban population into the countryside to fulfill their ideal of an agrarian utopia. The notorious detention center code-named 'S21' was the schoolhouse-turned prison where 17,000 men, women and children were tortured, interrogated and executed, their "crimes" meticulously documented to justify their execution. Rithy Panh and his team undertook a three year investigation involving not only the survivors, but also their former torturers. One survivor, Vann Nath confronts his captors, some of whom were as young as 12 years old when they committed their atrocities.

Sand and Sorrow
Executive produced and narrated by George Clooney. While analyzing the historical events that have given rise to an Arab-dominated government's willingness to kill and displace its own indigenous African people, "Sand and Sorrow" also examines the international community's "legacy of failure" to respond to such profound crimes against humanity in the past. But while immersed in the despairing crisis of our time, Freedman manages to give voice to the ever-growing and inspiring movement of those who wish to make "Never Again" finally mean something. John Prendergast, Samantha Power, and New York Times columnist Nick Kristof, lead the viewer through burgeoning refugee camps along the Chad-Sudan border, past mass graves inside Darfur itself, and into offices of the United States Senate to plead on behalf of the innocents of Darfur. This impassioned trio inspires a growing and vocal advocacy movement that extends from rural high schools to big time college campuses, all the way to the halls of power in the US and beyond. Freedman's camera is there to capture the heroic struggle between politics and humanity. Addis Ababa, Khartoum, New York, London-Freedman's subjects are as varied as his stunning locations. Nobel Laureate Elie Wiesel, U.S. Senators Barak Obama and Sam Brownback, Sudan scholars Alex de Waal and Gerard Prunier, and rebel leader Minni Minawi, provide powerful and touching insight into the conflict. Exclusive, behind-the-scenes coverage of the historic, but failed Darfur peace signing in Abuja, Nigeria, and the inspiring rally on the Washington Mall, confront the viewer with the power of hope and the face of evil. As Freedman ventures deep inside the vast and violent Internally Displaced Persons camps of Darfur, he comes face to face with the collective sorrow of a people devastated by others' political unwillingness and shameful indifference. These people have joined the growing spectral chorus of others who waited for help in genocides past-help that we know may never come. Total running time: 93 minutes DVD

Screamers
Screamers is a 2006 documentary by director Carla Garapedian. [1] The film explores why genocides have recurred into the modern day, and involves the band System of a Down, Serj Tankian's grandfather (who is an Armenian Genocide survivor), the human-rights activist, journalist, and Professor Samantha Power, and various people involved with genocides in Rwanda and Darfur. Screamers also examines genocide denial in current-day Turkey, and the trend of neutrality that the United States generally holds. DVD, 95 minutes

Shoah
SHOAH is an assemblage of witnesses - Holocaust survivors, Nazi functionaries, Polish villagers who resided near the death camps - testimony amounts to one of the most shattering human documents ever recorded. The final product was culled from over 350 hours of testimony. It contains no archival footage from World War II; it presents the victims, the perpetrators, and the death camps as they are today. 5 videocassettes. (HS+). Color & B/W. (570 min.)

Sometimes In April
In april 1994, over the course of 100 days, almost 800,000 people lost their lives during a purge by Hutu nationalists against their Tutsi countrymen in the African nation of Rwanda. Based on true events, this gripping and inspiring drama tells the story of two brothers divided along political lines by the conflict, and details the extraordinary courage and perserverance exhibited by the people of Rwanda. DVD only. 140 minutes.

The Armenian Genocide
During World War I, over one million Armenians died at the hands of the Ottoman Turks. This documentary examines what happened and why, in what has been called one of the greatest untold stories of the twentieth century. Produced by Two Cats Productions in association with Oregon Public Broadcasting. 60 minutes. (DVD only)

The Devil Came on Horseback
An up-close, honest, and uncompromising look at the crisis in Darfur, THE DEVIL CAME ON HORSEBACK exposes the ongoing tragedy in Sudan as seen through the eyes of one American witness. Using the exclusive photographs and first hand testimony of former U.S. Marine Captain Brian Steidle, the film goes on an emotionally charged journey into the heart of Darfur, Sudan, where in 2004, Steidle became witness to a genocide that to-date has claimed over 400,000 lives. As an official military observer, Steidle had access to parts of the country that no journalist could penetrate. Unprepared for what he would witness and experience, Steidle returned to the U.S. armed with his photographs, intent on exposing the images and stories of lives systematically destroyed. A 2007 world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival, this astonishingly propulsive and dramatic film from award-winning filmmakers Annie Sundberg and Ricki Stern (The Trials of Darryl Hunt), is a heartfelt account of what this particular American witness saw and, just as important, what he did afterward. DVD Features: Bonus Short Film: Supporting Survivors; Take Action Save Darfur: How to Help 85 minutes. DVD only.

The Diary of Immaculée
Immaculée Ilibagiza grew up in a country she loved, surrounded by a family she cherished. But in 1994 her idyllic world was ripped apart as Rwanda descended into a bloody genocide. Her family was brutally murdered during a killing spree that lasted three months and claimed the lives of nearly a million Rwandans. Miraculously, Immaculée survived the slaughter. For 91 days, she and seven other women huddled silently together in the cramped bathroom of a local pastor's home while hundreds of machete-wielding killers hunted for them. . . . Now, the award-winning and three-time Academy Award®-nominated documentary film producer Steve Kalafer (More, Curtain Call, Bottom of the Ninth, Price of Freedom, Going Home, and Sister Rose's Passion) brings together the same creative and production team for their most challenging and powerful cinematic journey. The Diary of Immaculée reveals the horrific, yet inspiring story of a remarkable woman's experiences in the midst of one of history's most tragic events. Immaculée Ilibagiza, and others who were there, will tell you what happened . . . and you shall never forget it. With powerful and emotional on-camera appearances from the good Samaritans who kept Immaculée alive in Rwanda, to inspirational personalities such as Dr. Wayne W. Dyer and Carl Wilkens, this amazing story of a journey through the darkness of holocaust will touch your heart and soul. This is a documentary that will take you to a place where horror and hope and hatred and love lived side by side, clasping hands and breathing the same air. With unwavering faith and courage, one young woman faced the threat of unspeakable acts; endured incomparable despair; and quietly, graciously, and bravely came through the living hell of holocaust searching for safety, peace, and an everlasting Heaven. The Diary of Immaculée is a film that abounds with drama and compassion . . . and makes us all realize that heroes and heroines will always walk among us. DVD. 38 minutes

The Hunting Party
A young journalist, a seasoned cameraman and a discredited war correspondent embark on an unauthorized mission to find the no. 1 war criminal in Bosnia; they find themselves in serious jeopardy when they are mistaken as a CIA hit squad and their target decides to come after them. Written by Anonymous After discrediting himself, ace Journalist, Simon Hunt, stops appearing on the U.S. National media, leaving his assistant, Duck, to be promoted. Now years later Duck, along with Franklin Harris and Benjamin Strauss, the son of the Network's Vice-President, have landed in Bosnia during the fall of 2000, 5 years after the Bosnian war. It is here that Duck will get to meet Simon, who will convince him to join him to hunt down war criminal Boghdanovic, who is on the most wanted list and carrying a 5 million dollar reward for systemically killing tens and thousands of Muslims (ethnic cleansing). Duck and Benjamin join Simon and journey out of Bosnia to travel to Montenegro. It is here they will meet with UN Official, Eknath Bharwani, who is not even aware of indictment details for Boghdanovic, and is quite content following instructions to not go anywhere near the last known location of the culprit. The trio will soon find out that the UN, NATO, The Hague, CIA amongst others are not only intent on keeping this war criminal's whereabouts a secret, but will oppose anyone who even tries to locate him. The trio find themselves in a soup when Boghdanovic and his henchman, a Psycho who has a tattoo on his forehead, find them and begin torturing them as they suspect them of being CIA Agents. The question remains who will come to their rescue? Written by rAjOo (gunwanti@hotmail.com) In 1995, the reckless but efficient war correspondent Simon Hunt and his cameraman Duck are covering the war in Bosnia. After a massacre in a Muslin village, Simon has a meltdown live on TV; he is fired and discredited by the network and disappears in the world of journalism while Duck is promoted, working for the famous anchor Franklin Harris. Five years later, while covering the peace in Bosnia with Franklin and the son of the network's VP Benjamin Strauss, Duck is visited by Simon who convinces his friend to chase the most wanted war criminal Boghdanovic a.k.a. The Fox, who has a five million dollar reward, for an interview. Ben joins the group in a journey to Celebici, in the border of Republic Srpska and Montenegro. However, Simon discloses the real intention of their hunting while they are mistaken as a CIA hit squad getting into serious trouble. DVD, R

The Morgenthau Story
"The Morgenthau Story", (2008) is a documentary by Apo Torosyan in which he interviewed three descendants of Ambassador Henry Morgenthau. From 1913 to 1916, Henry Morgenthau served as U.S. Ambassador in Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey). During the Armenian Genocide, which started in April 1915, he appealed to the Turkish Ottoman leaders to stop the killings, without success. In English. 56 minutes. DVD only.

The Notebooks of Memory
This newly released third film in the series focuses on the Gacaca tribunals of local citizen-judges weighing survivor accounts of the massacres against the testimony of perpetrators. (2009) On a lush green Rwandan hillside, more than a decade after the 1994 genocide to wipe out the Tutsi population, a small rural community gathers on the grass over and over again for the Gacaca (ga-CHA-cha) trials, a unique experiment in justice meant to bring unity back to this nation. In The Notebooks of Memory award-winning filmmaker Anne Aghion spends four years following the process, as a tribunal of local citizen-judges weighs survivor accounts of the massacres against the testimony of perpretrators who barter confessions for reduced prison sentences. 53 minutes. DVD.

Theologians Under Hitler
In the days after World War II, a convenient story was told of church leaders and ordinary Christians that defied the Nazis from the beginning. Recent research has uncovered a very different story. Rather then resisting, the greater part of the German church saw Hitler's rise in 1933 as an act of God's blessing, a new chapter in the story of God among the German people. This film, based upon ground-breaking research, introduces the viewer to three of the greatest Christian scholars of the 20th century: Paul Althaus, Emanuel Hirsch, and Gerhard Kittel, men who were also outspoken supporters of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. In 1933 Althaus spoke of Hitler's rise as "a gift and miracle of God." Hirsch saw 1933 as a "sunrise of divine goodness." And Kittel, the editor of the standard reference work on the Jewish Background of the New Testament, began working for the Nazis to find a "moral" rationale for the destruction of European Jewry. This provocative film asks: how could something like this happen in the heart of Christian Europe? Could it happen again? How does the scholarship of this period affect the church today? Does the church of today retain the ability to recognize profound evil? DVD only. 64 minutes.

Triumph of Evil
A powerful film documenting genocide in Rwanda. 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered while the West turned a blind eye. This Frontline film examines the role of Britain, France, the U.S. and the U.N. as they ignored the warnings and evidence of the impending massacre. (60 min)

Voices
A gripping documentary film of four interviews with survivors of the Armenian and Greek genocide, Voices tells the stunning tale of a million and a half people who were tortured, starved, and murdered by the Turkish government from 1915 to 1923.

When the Mountains Tremble
This new, updated version of the 1983 classic on war and social revolution in Guatemala is a vigorous and persuasive documentary. It describes the struggle of the largely Indian peasantry against a heritage of state and foreign oppression. Centered on the experiences of Rigoberta Menchú, a Quich Indian woman, the film knits a variety of forms--- interviews, direct address, re-enactment, video transmission, and on the spot footage shot at great hazard--- into a wide-ranging and remarkable cohesive epic canvas of the Guatemalan struggle. Despite the long history of oppression it depicts, the overall effect of the film is exhilarating; with clarity and energy it conveys the birth of a national and political awareness. "When the Mountains Tremble" was updated and re-released in 1992 when Rigoberta Menchú won the Nobel Peace Prize. The film now includes what happened in Guatemala in the intervening 10 years, and footage of the Nobel ceremony. "When the Mountains Tremble" was released theatrically in 40 U.S. cities and 30 foreign countries. It was shown on PBS and recieved awards at the Sundance Film Festival (Special Jury Award), the American Film Festival (Blue Ribbon Award), and the Havana Film Festival (Grand Coral Award, Best North American Documentary). 90 minutes. DVD

Witnesses
The film is based on motifs from the bestseller The Plaster Sheep by Jurica Pavicic; which was inspired by a true story from 1991 when a group of Croatian soldiers brutally killed a Serbian family. Witnesses consists of three stories, each beginning at the same moment -the moment of murder investigation, and each story gives a new point of view of what actually happened.The film focuses on the idea of losing your soul in a war. Croatian w/ English subtitles 88 minutes. DVD only.

Witnessing Darfur: Genocide Emergency
In July 2004, the Committee on Conscience of the United States Holocaust memorial Museum declared a Genocide Emergency for Sudan's western region of Darfur. Tens of thousands of civilians have been murdered there and thousands more have been raped by Sudanese government soldiers and members of the government-supported militia sometimes referred to as the Janjaweed. About two million civilians have been driven from their homes (2.5 million by spring 2007). View this DVD to find out what is happening in Darfur and how to access resources to help spread the word. Includes DARFUR EYEWITNESS, with Brian Steidle (10 minutes - mARCH 2005) and STARING GENOCIDE IN THE FACE, with Jerry Fowler (7 minutes - May 2004).

Women, War and Peace
Women, War & Peace is a bold new five-part PBS television series challenging the conventional wisdom that war and peace are men's domain. The vast majority of today's conflicts are not fought by nation states and their armies, but rather by informal entities: gangs and warlords using small arms and improvised weapons. The series reveals how the post-Cold War proliferation of small arms has changed the landscape of war, with women becoming primary targets and suffering unprecedented casualties. Yet they are simultaneously emerging as necessary partners in brokering lasting peace and as leaders in forging new international laws governing conflict. With depth and complexity, Women, War & Peace spotlights the stories of women in conflict zones from Bosnia to Afghanistan and Colombia to Liberia, placing women at the center of an urgent dialogue about conflict and security, and reframing our understanding of modern warfare. Featuring narrators Matt Damon, Tilda Swinton, Geena Davis and Alfre Woodard, Women, War & Peace is the most comprehensive global media initiative ever mounted on the roles of women in war and peace. The series will present its groundbreaking message across the globe by utilizing all forms of media, including U.S. and international primetime television, radio, print, web, and worldwide community screenings, and will be accompanied by an educational and outreach initiative designed to advance international accountability in regard to women and security. Women, War & Peace is a co-production of THIRTEEN and Fork Films. The five episodes in the series: I Came to Testify is the moving story of how a group of 16 women who had been imprisoned and raped by Serb-led forces in the Bosnian town of Foca broke history's great silence - and stepped forward to take the witness stand in an international court of law. Their remarkable courage resulted in a triumphant verdict that led to new international laws about sexual violence in war. Pray the Devil Back to Hell is the astonishing story of the Liberian women who took on the warlords and regime of dictator Charles Taylor in the midst of a brutal civil war, and won a once unimaginable peace for their shattered country in 2003. When the U.S. troop surge was announced in late 2009, women in Afghanistan knew that the ground was being laid for peace talks with the Taliban. Peace Unveiled follows three women in Afghanistan who are risking their lives to make sure that women's rights don't get traded away in the deal. The War We Are Living travels to Cauca, a mountainous region in Colombia's Pacific southwest, where two extraordinary Afro-Colombian women are braving a violent struggle over their gold-rich lands. They are standing up for a generation of Colombians who have been terrorized and forcibly displaced as a deliberate strategy of war. War Redefined, the capstone of Women, War & Peace, challenges the conventional wisdom that war and peace are men's domain through incisive interviews with leading thinkers, Secretaries of State and seasoned survivors of war and peace-making. Interviewees include Secretary of State Hillary Clinton; Liberian peace activist Leymah Gbowee; Bosnian war crimes investigator Fadila Memisevic; and globalization expert Moisés Naím. 4 hours. DVD.